December 6, 2024
Getting the Common Cold When You’re Pregnant

Having the common cold when you’re pregnant is tough. Congestion can make it challenging to eat well and get enough sleep. You may also worry if a cold can harm the baby. For the most part, if you get sick while pregnant, it does not affect the baby.

However, many cold medicines can potentially harm the fetus, especially in the first trimester. For cold symptom relief during pregnancy, your healthcare provider may suggest some at-home remedies, nasal sprays, antihistamines, and other approved medications.

This article discusses what to do for a cold when pregnant. It explains why you may get more colds during pregnancy and how getting sick may affect your baby. It also lists what you can take when pregnant with a cold and how to prevent colds in the first place.

DusanManic / Getty Images

Pregnancy and Your Immune System

Pregnancy temporarily changes some aspects of your immune system function in ways that protect your growing baby.

Immune function evolves over the course of your pregnancy. But these immune changes don’t protect you from certain infections, including the common cold.

Your susceptibility to certain illnesses may change during the course of your pregnancy. Studies suggest that you may be most likely to get sick during the first trimester and least likely during the second.

The Common Cold and Your Baby

Having the common cold while pregnant typically won’t harm you or your baby. When you’re sick, your baby is protected by:

  • Your immune system
  • Their own immune system
  • The placenta

However, one symptom to watch out for is fever. According the the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, fevers in very early pregnancy increase the risk of congenital heart defects, cleft lip, spina bifida, limb deficiencies, and other serious health issues.

For most people, the common cold won’t typically cause a fever. A high temperature may be a sign that you have a different illness, such as the flu or COVID-19.

If you have a fever during pregnancy, reach out to your healthcare provider for treatment guidance.

What Can You Take for a Cold During Pregnancy?

Many cold medicines contain ingredients that are not safe to take while pregnant.

The safest way to relieve cold symptoms when you are pregnant is to use natural remedies. Drug-free ways to ease a cold include:

  • Apply Vicks VapoRub (menthol rub) to your chest.
  • Drink plenty of fluids.
  • Eat anti-oxidant rich fruits and vegetables.
  • Flush your sinuses with a Neti pot or saline nasal spray.
  • Gargle warm salt water.
  • Get as much sleep as possible.
  • Run a humidifier.
  • Sip honey in hot water.
  • Suck on ice chips.

Supplements like elderberry syrup, vitamin C, and zinc can also help to ease cold symptoms, but check with your healthcare provider first.

Cold Medicines You Can Taken When Pregnant

Cold medications that are approved for use during pregnancy include:

  • Afrin (oxymetazoline) nasal spray
  • Benedryl (diphenhydramine)
  • Chlor-Trimeton (chlopheniramine)
  • Claritin (loratadine)
  • Dextromethorphan, the DM in cough medicine 
  • Flonase (fluticasone)
  • Menthol cough drops
  • Mucinex (guaifenesin) 
  • Sudafed (pseudoephedrine), but only in the second and third trimesters
  • Tylenol (acetaminophen) 
  • Zyrtec (cetirizine)

Before taking any medication during pregnancy, check with your healthcare provider to confirm it is safe for you.

Does Tylenol Cause Autism and ADHD?

Acetaminophen is considered the safest pain reliever and fever reducer to use while pregnant. However, emerging research links the use of acetaminophen during pregnancy to a 20% increased risk of autism and ADHD. While more studies are needed, experts advise only using acetaminophen in pregnancy when required and at the lowest effective dose for a short time.

Cold Medications to Avoid During Pregnancy

The following medications should not be used during pregnancy:

  • Advil/Motrin (ibuprofen)
  • Aleve (naproxen)
  • Aspirin
  • Cepacol (benzocaine lozenges)
  • Chloraseptic (benzocaine throat spray)
  • Phenylephrine
  • Sudafed (pseudoephedrine) should not be used during the first trimester or if you have hypertension

Cold Prevention

You may be more susceptible to colds during pregnancy. It’s hard to avoid the cold, but your best defense is to:

  • Get enough sleep.
  • Eat a balanced diet.
  • Wash and sanitize your hands often.
  • Get regular exercise.
  • Consider a mask and social distancing in public or around sick people.
  • Take prenatal vitamins as recommended.

Summary

During pregnancy, your immune system changes to protect your baby. That can leave you open to illnesses like the common cold. Fortunately, the common cold doesn’t pose a threat to your baby, but some cold medications can.

Natural ways to relieve cold symptoms during pregnancy include keeping hydrated, flushing your sinuses, gargling with salt water, and running a humidifier.

Medications that are generally safe to take during pregnancy include antihistamines, steroid nasal sprays, and cough medicines. Do not take decongestants, NSAIDs, or benzocaine throat lozenges or sprays.

Contact your healthcare provider before taking any over-the-counter medications and if you have a fever. Getting enough sleep, eating right, and simple prevention measures (hand washing, masks) can help keep you healthy during your pregnancy.

Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.
  1. University of New Mexico Health. Which cold and flu medication is safe to take during pregnancy? 

  2. Racicot K, Kwon JY, Aldo P, Silasi M, Mor G. Understanding the complexity of the immune system during pregnancy. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2014;72(2):107-116. doi:10.1111/aji.12289

  3. Waller DK, Hashmi SS, Hoyt AT, et al. Maternal report of fever from cold or flu during early pregnancy and the risk for noncardiac birth defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2011. Birth Defects Res. 2018;110(4):342-351. doi:10.1002/bdr2.1147

  4. Mohan Dass NL, Botto LD, Tinker SC, et al; National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Associations between maternal reports of periconceptional fever from miscellaneous causes and structural birth defects. Birth Defects Res. 2022;114(15):885–94. doi:10.1002/bdr2.2068 

  5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Common cold.

  6. Erebara A, Bozzo P, Einarson A, Koren G. Treating the common cold during pregnancy. Can Fam Physician. 2008;54(5):687–9.  

  7. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. What medicine can I take for allergies while I’m pregnant?

  8. Servey J, Chang J. Over-the-counter medications in pregnancy. Am Fam Physician. 2014;90(8):548–55.

  9. Alemany S, Avella-García C, Liew Z, et al. Prenatal and postnatal exposure to acetaminophen in relation to autism spectrum and attention-deficit and hyperactivity symptoms in childhood: Meta-analysis in six European population-based cohorts. Eur J Epidemiol. 2021;36(10):993-1004. doi:10.1007/s10654-021-00754-4 

  10. Toda K. Is acetaminophen safe in pregnancy? Scand J Pain. 2017;17:445–46. doi:10.1016/j.sjpain.2017.09.007 

  11. Yau WP, Mitchell AA, Lin KJ, Werler MM, Hernández-Díaz S. Use of decongestants during pregnancy and the risk of birth defects. American Journal of Epidemiology. 2013;178(2):198-208. doi:10.1093/aje/kws427

  12. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Smoking and Overall Health.


By Kristina Herndon, RN

Kristina Herndon, BSN, RN, CPN, has been working in healthcare since 2002. She specializes in pediatrics and disease and infection prevention.  

link

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *